Species data

American Basswood

Tilia americana - a hardwood from eastern North America. Also sold as basswood, american linden.

Properties at a glance

Janka hardness410 lbf
Stiffness (MOE)1,460,000 psi
Specific gravity0.42
Density26.2 lb/ft3 (420 kg/m3)
Weight per board foot2.18 lb
Shrinkage, green to oven-dry9.3% tangential / 6.6% radial
Indicative price$3.50 per board foot (estimated)

Values are at about 12% moisture content. Density is specific gravity times 62.4; a board foot is one twelfth of a cubic foot, so weight per board foot is that density divided by twelve. Anything marked estimated is our own figure, not a measured one.

How American Basswood compares

Measured against the 113 solid woods in this database: it is harder than 7% of them, heavier than 12%, and stiffer than 35%. Soft enough to dent in service - worth knowing before using it for a worktop or a floor.

What that means in the shop

A 4/4 board 8 inches wide and 8 feet long is 5.33 board feet, so in American Basswood it weighs about 11.6 lb. A stack of ten is 116 lb - worth knowing before you load a rack or a car.

Against red oak, the trade's usual yardstick at 1,220 lbf, American Basswood is about 34% as hard and 60% as heavy.

Its shrinkage is 9.3% tangential against 6.6% radial, a ratio of 1.4 to 1. The wider that ratio, the more unevenly a flatsawn board moves across its width as humidity changes, and the more it wants to cup; anything near or above 2 to 1 is worth quartersawing or restraining for panels and wide tops. This one moves comparatively evenly.

Woods of similar hardness

Closest to American Basswood on hardness in this database: Noble Fir (410 lbf), Balsam Fir (400 lbf), Bigtooth Aspen (420 lbf), Black Willow (430 lbf). Similar hardness does not mean similar behaviour - check density and movement before substituting one for another.

Working with it

Workability. Soft and effortless to cut; superb for hand carving, but holds nails and steam-bends poorly

Durability. Non-durable, with heartwood that readily succumbs to decay

Typical uses. carving, musical instruments, veneer, plywood, lumber.

Related calculators

Sources

MOE, SG (12% MC), Janka and shrinkage from The Wood Database (cites USDA FPL Wood Handbook). American basswood is not listed in the FPL/Hoadley dimensional-change table, so CT/CR are omitted. Uses, region, durability, workability summarized from The Wood Database. Price indicative.

These calculators are for planning and estimation. Engineering results (shelf sag, wood movement) use published average material properties; real boards vary by grade, grain, moisture and defects. Verify load-bearing designs with a professional.